How to use the programme
In [Guide]Introduction
it is explained how you make SuomiTan available on
your computer. As said, the running programme has a topmost bar with a number
of push-buttons on the screen: [F-D,D-F] [full
articles +] [,+] [+-] [(D-)F _] [(F-)D ,] [analysis -] [F reverse k_] [D
reverse b_] [Vejledning] [Guide] and Window.
The main window contains an upper
left window with results and a central window with guide or dictionary. If you
place the cursor on the uppermost blue bar of a window and press the left mouse
button down, the window will follow the cursor.
Here follows an explanation to the
first nine push-buttons, ending with [D reverse b_].
[F-D,D-F] [full articles +] [,+] [+-]
The first push-button is [F-D,D-F]; if you push it, a small dialog box will pop up. Here
you may write the Finnish or Danish word that is to be looked up. You may also
point at a word in a window and double click the left mouse button, or tap the
mouse pad on a laptop computer. It is possible to write in the window
'results'.
Now give the word "ahkera" (without quotation marks). In the window
"results" the programme will respond:
looked in (double
click/tap) : I2 o2 s1 T1 n3 y19
suomi: (i2;144 1) >ahkera . flittig
_ |
"ahkera" is Finnish (suomi)
and means 'flittig' in Danish. "i2;144 1" indicates the first segment of article no.
The programme will remember the
latest given word. Give it again through the push-button [full articles +],
i.e. with a sign +, and obtain:
(i2,144) >ahkera . flittig _ | >aherrus
>ahertaa >ahertaja
>ahkerasti | ;ahkeraliisa
The basic word is "ahkera". The following words with a sign
">" are derivations (johdokset) of it. "ahkeraliisa" (with a sign
";") is a compound (yhdyssana) of "ahkera" and "liisa"
from the name 'Liisa'. It is the Finnish name of the
flowering plant 'busy Lizzie' (Impatiens).
If you give a word through the
push-button [,+], words with a sign ";" and
no translation are not shown:
(i2,144) >ahkera . flittig _ | >aherrus
>ahertaa >ahertaja
>ahkerasti
See also below under [analysis -]
("manner").
If you give a word through the
push-button [+-], the articles are shown in the form they have in the
dictionary:
i2,144
"ahkera
. flittig _ | >aherrus >ahertaa >ahertaja +sti | &liisa
Alternatively you may double click
on the "I2" shown first when you give the word through [F-D,D-F], and see this part of the lexicon file i2 in a new
central window. Each article in the dictionary occupies a line in the file. If
you write a "-" in front of "I2" before double clicking,
i.e. give "-I2", the lines are not broken at the right window border.
[(D-)F _]
[(F-)D ,]
"ahkera" through [F-D,D-F] and a double click on
"s1" will show all occurencies of the word
in the Danish-Finnish dictionary. You may also give "ahkera"
through the push-button [(D-)F _], i.e. with a sign
"_", and obtain:
dansk: (t9,149) >flink
. kiltti, ystävällinen,
kelpo; hyvä, ahkera
dansk: (t9,164) >flittig . ahkera
dansk: (t23,37) >morakker . liian ahkera työntekijä
dansk: (t23,238) >myreflittig . ahkera kuin muurahainen
A number of synonyms and examples of
use are shown. "_" after a Finnish word indicates that the
Danish-Finnish dictionary says something (more) about it. There are also
Finnish words with a sign "_", which would otherwise occur solely in
the Danish-Finnish dictionary.
If you give a Danish word (e.g.
"flittig") through the push-button [(F-)D ,], i.e. with a sign ",", the programme will
show all the occurrencies of the word in the
Finnish-Danish dictionary:
suomi: (i2;144 1) >ahkera . flittig _ |
suomi: (i91,177) >uuras . flittig,
ihærdig
suomi: (i91;197 1) >uuttera . flittig,
driftig _ _uutteroida |
The sign "," is used
before Danish botanical names in the Danish-Finnish dictionary; the full
botanical names are in the Finnish-Danish dictionary, see the latter part of [Guide]Compounds.
[analysis
-]
If you give a Finnish or Danish word
through the push-button [analysis -], the programme will attempt to analyse it
in Finnish resp. Danish parts. "ahkera"
through [analysis -] thus gives:
suomi: (i2;144 1) >ahkera . flittig
_ |
suomi: (i2,145) >ahkeraan
0 (=ahkera)
More (double click/tap) : s 0
Now the programme shows all the
signed occurences of the given word in the files i. "ahkeraan" is
singular, illative of "ahkera". The
programme cannot analyse illative case forms, but "ahkeraan"
is an entry word in Kielitoimiston sanakirja - which just says that the form "ahkerasti" is more common.
The "s" in the final line
with results indicates that the programme has found "ahkera"
in the Danish-Finnish dictionary (T), see above under [(D-)F
_] [(F-)D ,]. A double click on "s" gives:
s : Finnish words in the text of T
dansk: (t9,149) >flink . kiltti,
ystävällinen, kelpo; hyvä, ahkera
dansk: (t9,164) >flittig . ahkera
dansk: (t23,37) >morakker . liian ahkera työntekijä
dansk: (t23,238) >myreflittig . ahkera kuin muurahainen
More (double
click/tap) : o
0
A double click on "0" (the
digit) gives:
0 : simplest analysis/analyses
Analysis :
ahkera/
= ahkera4.¤0 (s,n)
suomi: (i2;144 1) >ahkera . flittig
_ |
<.¤0
singular, nominative>
More (double click/tap) : o s
The word "ahkera"
is analysed as the nominal stem ahkera4 with the zero inflexion (4).¤0 for singular, nominative ("¤" = no substance).
"ahkera" is an
adjective like Danish "flittig" = 'busy,
eager'. Finnish adjectives and nouns take the same inflexions - when the
Finnish morphemes of degree (comparison) are treated as derivatives, that is.
The first word in each article is
the basic word, as said in the Introduction. After it come two spaces, and
often a digit 0/1/2/4/5 between them.
After "ahkera"
in the dictionary article come just the two spaces, meaning that the stem is
nominal with the (for nominal stems with this singular, nominative form) most
common inflection. Nominals with a less common (but
regular) inflection are given with a digit 4 (or
A digit 2 between the two spaces
indicates that the word is a verb with inflexion for first infinitive, see
below. All other entry words = stems are given with a digit 0 (or 1) after. "ahkeraan" (above) is an
example.
I have added no digit for word class
and inflection after the stems in the Danish-Finnish dictionary; the default
value 0 is ascribed to them all. But a few small words are given with
The basic word for Finnish verbal
stems is the stem with the inflexion (2).TA0 for first infinitive and with a
digit 2 between the spaces after. Give e.g. "ahkeroida"
through [analysis -] and obtain:
suomi: (i2;146 1) >ahkeroida
2 . beflitte sig, gøre sig umage _ |
More (double click/tap) : s 0 2 7
A double click on "s" now
gives:
dansk: (t3,167) >beflitte =sig: ahkeroida,
ponnistella, yrittää
More (double
click/tap) : o
0 2 7
A double click on "0"
gives:
0 : simplest analysis/analyses
Analysis : ahkeroi/da = ahkeroi2.TA0
(TA)
suomi: (i2,146) >ahkeroida 2 . beflitte sig, gøre sig umage _ |
<.TA0 first infinitive>
More (double click/tap) : o s 2 7
The word is analysed as the verbal
stem ahkeroi2 with the said inflexion.
"2" gives a deeper
analysis of "ahkeroida":
2
Analysis : ahker/oi/da = ahkera4.Oi2.TA0 (TA)
suomi: (i2;144 1) >ahkera . flittig _ |
<.Oi2 ikäv/öidä (ikävä), tupak/oida (tupakka), pysäk/öidä (pysäkki), ennak/oida (ennakko), ihann/oida (ihanne), hope/oida (hopea)>
<.TA0 first
infinitive>
More (double click/tap) : o s 0 7
The verbal stem ahkeroi2 is probably
ahkera4 expanded with the derivational morpheme (4).Oi2 .
The meaning of the derivational morphemes is shown with a few examples only.
"ahkeroida" through [full articles +] gives:
(i2,146)
>ahkeroida 2 . beflitte
sig, gøre sig umage _ | >ahkerointi
"ahkeroida" is in the pocket dictionary and
therefore has its own article. I might also have split the remaining article
for "ahkera" into
>ahkera . flittig _ | >ahkerasti |
;ahkeraliisa
and
>ahertaa 2
| >aherrus >ahertaja
Some articles begin with two or more
equivalent basic words; e.g. "manner" through [full articles +]
gives:
suomi: (i47,112) >manner >mantere . fastland
_ | >mantereinen >mantereisuus
| ;mannerilmasto _ | ;mannerjalusta
;mannerjää | ;mannerjäätikkö
_ | ;mannerlaatta ;mannerliikunto
| ;mannerrinne ;mannervaltio
"_" after "mannerilmasto" and "mannerjäätikkö"
indicates that there is a translation in the Danish-Finnish dictionary. As
explained above, you obtain it by (double clicking and) giving the word through
the push-button [(D-)F _].
If you give an entry word through
the push-button [,+], words with a sign ";"
and no translation are not shown:
(i47,112)
>manner >mantere . fastland | >mantereinen
>mantereisuus | ;mannerilmasto _ | ;mannerjäätikkö
_
If you give e.g. "mantereinen" through [analysis -], the programme will
also find the stem mantere4 and recognize the word correctly:
suomi: (i47,112 2)
>mantereinen >mantereisuus
|
More (double click/tap) : 0 6 7 8 9 11 12
0 : simplest analysis/analyses
Analysis :
mantere/inen/
= mantere4.inen4.¤0 (s,n)
suomi: (i47;112 1) >manner >mantere . fastland
|
<.inen4 aika/inen
(aika), hik/inen (hiki), jä/inen (jää), lu/inen (luu), käte/inen (käsi), paksu/inen (paksu), hope/inen (hopea), alipaine/inen (alipaine)>
<.¤0
singular, nominative>
More (double click/tap) : o 6 7 8 9 11 12
[F reverse
k_] [D reverse b_]
If you give a word through [F
reverse k_] or [D reverse b_], it will be reversed and looked up in a list of
reversed Finnish resp. Danish entry words. "ahkerointi" through [F reverse k_] thus gives:
ahkerointi, käänteinen : itniorekha
looked in : a76
A Double click on "a76"
will now show all the Finnish words in the Finnish-Danish dictionary which
resemble "ahkerointi" on the right.
"käänteinen" through [full articles +] gives:
suomi: (i39,195) >käänne . vending, drejning; (=tien)
kurve, sving; (=vaatteen) opslag _ _käänteessä | %käänteinen
| ;käännekohta . vendepunkt _ | ;käännepiste
suomi: (i39,200) >käänteinen . omvendt
| >käänteisesti >käänteistää
(Finnish words in an article for a
different Finnish stem are written with the sign "="; and similarly
for Danish.)
A double click on "_käänteessä" gives:
suomi: (t14,529) >håndevending : =i =en
>håndevending = käden käänteessä
"käänteinen" ('inverted') is a derivation of
"käänne"; "%käänteinen"
(with a sign "%" corresponding to "-" in Kielitoimiston sanakirja)
indicates that it occurs as the second part of compounds.
"käänteis-"
(or e.g. "käänteisarvo") through [full
articles +] gives:
suomi: (i39,201) >käänteis- (=käänteinen) : ;käänteisarvo ;käänteisluku | ;käänteisnäyttö ;käänteissanakirja
käänteinen4 is the first part of these compounds. Separators "| " have been inserted so that no segment contains more
than 3 words with a sign ";".